What Does Inri On Jesus Cross Mean

What does INRI on a crucifix mean?

It is recorded in the first three Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke that when Jesus is nailed on the cross, the soldiers “put over his head the written charge against him: This is Jesus, the King of the Jews,” according to the Gospel of Matthew (Matthew 27:37). The Gospel of John goes into further detail on this particular part of Jesus’ Passion tale, noting how the Jewish officials objected to the appearance of this sign. Pilate is the one who orders the sign and sees to it that it is printed in many languages so that everyone may understand what is being said.

“Jesus the Nazorean, the King of the Jews,” the inscription stated.

Thus, the chief priests of the Jews instructed Pilate to write “The King of the Jews,” rather than “I am the King of the Jews,” because Jesus had stated, “‘I am the King of the Jews.” “What I have written is what I have written,” Pilate said emphatically.

This alludes to the Latin version of Pilate’s accusation, Iesus Nazarenus, Rex Iudaeorum, which means “Jesus the Nazarene, King of the Jews” (Jesus the Nazarene, King of the Jews).

Because the Catholic Church was founded in the Roman Empire and Latin eventually became the “official” language of the Roman Church, INRI was chosen for the inscription rather than the Greek or Hebrew phrases that were originally proposed.

Despite the fact that his throne was the cross, he lords over us with compassion and mercy.

More information may be found at: A majestic anthem in praise of Jesus, King of the Universe.

REVEALED: True Story of INRI on the Cross of Jesus Christ

The initials INRI may be seen on crucifixes all around the world, including those in Italy. The significance of these letters naturally piques the interest of all who encounter them. So, what exactly does INRI stand for on the cross? The Latin inscription Iesus Nazarenus Rex Iudaeorum (Iesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews) is abbreviated as INRI, which means “Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews.” However, there is a more in-depth and complicated approach to comprehend what INRI is all about. More on it in the near future.

• At the time of Jesus Christ, the Romans were the ones who had the ability to impose the death penalty on criminals.
• This inscription was written out in three languages, according to John’s Gospel (19:19-22), and it was written in three languages: Hebrew, Greek, and Latin.
• As a result, even though Latin was the official language, Hebrew and Greek were also extremely significant and widely spoken throughout the country.
• The task would have been extremely tough due to the fact that these three separate foreign languages were not commonly spoken in Medieval Europe at the time when all of these paintings were created.
• And even if you were successful in putting your thoughts on paper, who would be able to read them?
• They chose to utilize the initials of the four Latin terms since it was simpler to instruct the audience on what INRI stands for when they saw the initials.
• That would be a really uninteresting conclusion to the narrative if that were the only thing there was to it.

Take a look at these amazing facts: Interestingly, this is not the first time that Jesus has been referred to as the “King of the Jews.” When the Magi (Wise Men from the East) came to visit the newborn Jesus in Matthew 2:2, they referred to him as “King of the Jews,” which is another title for him.

• Jonathan Cahn describes how the Old Testament foretells Nazareth as a city that would be indelibly identified with the Messiah hundreds of years before the events of the New Testament take place.
• When John the Baptist introduced Jesus, he used language from Old Testament Messianic prophesies, such as “Behold the lamb of God who wipes away the sin of the world.” The INRI inscription is not intended to be a declaration, but rather an indictment.
• It was normal practice back in the day to place the charge on the cross over the head of the defendant.
• As recorded in John 19:21, when the Rabbis saw the INRI inscription on the cross of Jesus, they protested to it.
• They did so because they were aware that the Messiah would wield the scepter (Genesis 49:10).
• It is clear from Psalm 2:1-2 that the Messiah will be referred to be God’s son – or the Son of the Father.
• Wonderful, Counselor, Mighty God, Everlasting Father, and Prince of Peace are some of the words used to describe him in Isaiah 53:3.

The New Testament contains the words of Jesus, who states that “just as Moses hoisted up the snake in the desert, so must the Son of Man be lifted up.” (John 3:14 in the New International Version) When Jesus stated “lifted up,” he was referring to his own crucifixion, which had already occurred.

The serpent, on the other hand, had it coming.

And Man is deserving of punishment because he chose to follow the snake instead of following God.

And the snake deserved to be punished.

More information about this intriguing tale may be found in the following article: Moses and the Bronze Serpent in the Wilderness: A Strange Tale of Moses and the Bronze Serpent” Despite the fact that the Old Testament prophets predicted that the Messiah would be born at Bethlehem, Matthew informs us in Matthew 2:23 that Jesus would be known as a Nazarene because of what the prophets had predicted.

• Strangely enough, Matthew makes no mention of any one prophet, and researchers have never been able to pinpoint a single prophet who stated it.
• Is this what Matthew was referring to?
• It has been suggested that if you translate INRI into Hebrew, it will spell out YHWH (the tetragrammaton), which is God’s ineffable name, among other things.
• But keep in mind that the full charge is included in the Biblical inscription of John 19:21, which was more than enough to irritate the Rabbis.
• It is true that INRI is never mentioned in the Bible.
• Here are a few examples of Bible scriptures that are relevant to the story: According to Matthew 2:2, “Where is the one who has been born king of the Jews?
• Pilate also inscribed an inscription on the crucifixion and placed it above the head of Jesus, according to John 19:19-22.
• Because the site of Jesus’ crucifixion was close to the city, many Jews were able to see this inscription, which was inscribed in Aramaic, Latin, and Greek.
• “What I have written is what I have written,” Pilate said.
• The kingdoms of the earth gather themselves together, and the rulers form a council against the Lord and against his Anointed, proclaiming.
• There will be no end to the expansion of his rule and the establishment of peace on the throne of David and over his kingdom, as he establishes and upholds it with justice and righteousness from this time forward and forevermore.

ESV translation of John 8:28 “When you have lifted up the Son of Man, you will know that I am he and that I do nothing on my own power but speak only in accordance with what the Father has taught me,” Jesus explained. Is your faith based on facts? Have you made a commitment to follow Christ?

The Meaning of INRI on the Cross

One of the primary reasons that Jesus, the son of man, came to the earth was to demonstrate His love for us by dying in our place. Many prophets in the Old Testament foretold His birth, and they referred to Him as King – a King in Israel – at the time of His birth. 2 Samuel 7:12-13 is a biblical passage. More information on Jesus’ sacrifice may be found in this article: When Jesus died on the cross, what does it mean that he died for our sins? Have you ever wondered what was written on the sign that was put just over the head of Jesus Christ when he was hanging on a cross?

We may learn about what was written on the cross and who wrote it by studying the Scriptures, which are available online.

1) The Meaning of the Letters INRI

The abbreviations are as follows: It is abbreviated as INRI, which stands for Jesus of Nazareth, Rex Iudaeorum, which translates as “Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews.” What is the significance of the acronym INRI, which is the Latin for the charge on the crucifixion, Jesus of Nazareth, The King Of The Jews? Why is it used? The reason for this is because the Vulgate Latin version of the Bible was the very first copy ever created. St. Jerome’s translation of the first complete combined bible into Vulgate Latin is considered the first complete combined bible.

It is thought that the Latin portion of the charge became more familiar to the public and was reduced to INRI.

2) Pontius Pilate

When it came to the crucifixion of Jesus Christ, who was the person in charge? It was Pontius Pilate, who was also the one who scrawled INRI on the crucifixion above the head of Jesus, who was responsible for this. What was his name? The majority of people only remember Pontius Pilate as the man who issued the order to crucify Jesus; they are unaware of his background, origin, complete name, or the language in which he communicated. Pontius Pilate was a Roman, and it is likely that he spent his early years in the city of Rome.

Pontius’ birth date and place of birth are unknown, however he was a Roman governor in the Roman province of Judaea at the time of his birth.

3) INRI – Bible Reference

Matthew, like the other books of the Gospel, provided us the text that was written there: “And raised up above his head his charge inscribed, this is Jesus the king of the Jews.” Matthew 27:37 (KJV) The Gospel of John also describes what was written above the head of the Son of God on the crucifixion: “And Pilate inscribed a title on the cross and nailed it there.” “Jesus of Nazareth, the king of the Jews,” was written on the wall in Hebrew.

John 19:19 King James Version John didn’t stop there; he went on to explain why it was so simple for people to understand what was written: “This title then read many of the Jews: for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city: and it was written in Hebrew, Greek, and Latin.” “This title then read many of the Jews: for the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city: and it was written in Hebrew, Greek, and Latin.” John 19:20 King James Version The letter inscribed on our Lord Jesus’s head was written in three different languages.

It should be noted that the most frequent languages spoken during the time of Jesus were Greek and Aramaic, with some individuals also speaking Hebrew.

4) INRI and Titulus Crucis

What exactly is the Titulus Crucis? We can tell from the words that it is written in Latin and that the meaning is “The Title of the Cross” from the Latin. One typical blunder that people make is to refer to the Titulus Crucis as the cross, which is incorrect. However, this is not the whole cross; rather, it is a portion of the true cross (relic). When Jesus is hanging on the cross, a piece of wood is placed above his head to serve as a support. That is precisely wherePontius Pilate penned the ChargeINRI in the ChargeINRI (Jesus Of Nazareth The King Of The Jews).

1. At subsequent years, the relic was housed in the Catholic Church of Santa Croce in Gerusalemme, which literally translates as “Holy Cross in Jerusalem.” After Jesus’ wrists and feet were nailed to the crucifixion, an inscription was put above his head, indicating that he had died (the relic).
2. What happened to the crucifixion was not explicitly specified, but it must have been removed a few days after Jesus was taken down from it and re-erected near Golgotha, according to tradition (where Jesus was crucified, also called Calvary).
3. It was constructed during the reign of Hadrian, the Roman Emperor at the time.
4. Hadrian had constructed a temple known as the Temple of Venus, which stood on the site.
5. The temple was completely demolished.
6. Artifacts were also gathered, and it is possible that the relic from the cross was included in this grouping.
7. When Helena discovered the relic, she split it into pieces and scattered them across the city.
8. One of the final sections of theTitulus was unearthed in 1492 in the Basilica of Santa Croce in Gerusalemme, which literally translates as “Holy Cross in Jerusalem.” That was the church that Helena had erected for herself a few years before.

Discover Crucifix Necklaces

If you are seeking for a significant piece of jewelry, theseCrucifix Necklaces will be perfect for you. The crucifixion and death of Jesus Christ are the most significant events in the history of the Christian faith. In this essay, you will learn more about the sacrifice made by our Savior: Jesus’ crucifixion and death were seen by many people.

What Does INRI Mean?

According to Collins Dictionary, INRI is an abbreviation for the Latin phrase “Iesus Nazarenus Rex Iudaeorum,” which means “Jesus the Nazarene King of the Jews.” In reference to Jesus Christ, who is also known as “Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews,” this is written. During Jesus the Nazarene’s crucifixion, this inscription was put over his head by the Roman soldiers. It appears in the New Testament in Luke 23:38, Mark 12:26, Matthew 27:37, and John 19:19-20, among other places. INRI can be seen on Catholic crosses found in people’s houses, on jewelry found in a Catholic Church, and on religious artworks depicting the crucifixion found in Catholic churches.

• Previously, the letter v was used for capital letters while the letter u was used for lowercase letters in Old Latin.
• This is currently regarded to be a neoclassical style that alludes to the days of the Roman Empire.
• Many churches of the Eastern Orthodox Church, which is based on the Greek translation of the writing on the cross, use the Greek letters INBI or to identify themselves.
• It is typically written as in Hebrew, which means “to turn about” in English.

According to The Free Dictionary, this acronym may be used to refer to a variety of different things that are not related to the INRI abbreviation.

• Indian Rupee, Item Not Received, Bureau of Intelligence and Research, Increment Register, Information Request, Institute for National Resources, International Normalized Ratio The invoice has not been received. The Interference-to-Noise Ratio
• The Impact Noise Rating
• The Image Navigation Registration
• And other parameters. Iceland’s NATO Radar
• Interferometric Radiometer
• And Institute of Neohellenic Research are among the facilities on the island.

What is the origin of the acronym INRI?

A source cited in The Miscellany claims that Pontius Pilate is the one who declared Jesus of Nazareth to be “The King of the Jews.” He had this proclamation made and had it placed on the cross, where Jesus was hanging at the time. Despite the fact that the statement was written in Latin on the crucifixion in the majority of portrayals, it was also written in Greek and Aramaic on the cross. Other traditions claim that it was written in Hebrew, Latin, and Greek, rather than the original languages.

1. This phrase is currently used to remind people of the fact that Jesus is the king, rather than to insult him, as it was in earlier times.
2. This may be observed in the Gospel of John, for example.
3. Neither Jesus nor Pilate responded affirmatively or negatively to the question.
4. He had been sentenced to death by crucifixion.
5. In according with Kouya, the top priests of the Jews complained against Pilate’s decision to write INRI on the cross.
6. Many western crucifixes have the titulus above Jesus’ head on the Cross of Jesus, which is a Latin phrase that translates as “In the Name of Jesus.” This is referred to as a Chrisogram, which is a monogram that makes an abbreviation for the name of Jesus.
7. The letters INRI stand for a variety of things, each of which is listed below.

Despite the fact that Latin does have the letter J, they chose to begin the spelling of Jesus’ name with an I.

The letter N stands for Nazarenus, which translates as Nazareth or Nazarene in the original Latin.

Finally, the letter I represents the Latin word Iudaeorum, which translates as “Jews.” This is also another instance in which the letter I is substituted for the letter J in Latin.

In general, the term INRI is an abbreviation for Iesus Nazarenus Rex Iudaeorum (Jesus the Nazarene, King of the Jews).

During Jesus’ crucifixion, this sentence was engraved on the cross under his body.

He had his “crime” inscribed on the cross in three different languages so that everyone who saw him could see it. This is now used as an abbreviation on cross representations in people’s homes and churches, as well as on religious signs.

Sources:

In addition to his experience in search engine optimization, paid acquisition, and email marketing, Kevin Miller is a growth marketer with a strong history in product marketing. He also works as an internet editor and writer from his home in Los Angeles, California. As a student at Georgetown University and as an employee at Google, he developed a fascination with English Grammar, which he has pursued for years, delving into the language and deconstructing the do’s and don’ts for those who share his enthusiasm.

What does INRI mean?

The INRI abbreviation stands for International Nuclear Research Institute. On crosses, these letters are usually seen over Jesus’ head, and they represent the apostles. As a result, the New Testament does not provide a straightforward definition for INRI since these letters reflect Latin words rather than Greek ones. But the book of Matthew does provide us with information on what was placed over Jesus’ head when he was on the cross. When Pontius Pilate was accused of being the King of the Jews, he ordered that the following charge be put over his head: “This is Jesus the King of the Jews” (Matthew 27:37, HBFV throughout).

• While the passages in Matthew and Mark do not show which languages the accusation was written in, the references in Luke and John DO reveal which languages the allegation was written in.
• There are three versions of this sentence written in three different languages: Hebrew, Greek, and Latin (verse 20).
• One-third of the book of John’s appearances in the New Testament are attributed to it.
• On Catholic paintings of the crucifixion, these letters are frequently seen in the upper right corner.

Why was it used?

One of the reasons why the acronym INRI is used to signify the charge against Christ is that academics often adopted the phrasing supplied in the Gospel of John rather than Matthew, Luke, or Mark when presenting the case against Christ. Because they believed that the reference to Christ’s hometown of Nazareth in the allegation against him was a more comprehensive and accurate depiction of the charge against him than the other three gospel accounts, they made this decision. Another explanation for the adoption of this abbreviation, which is derived from the book of John, is because the Scriptures were first translated into the Latin language at a relatively early date.

For the Catholics, it became such an important translation that, in the 16th century, they declared it their official Bible, replacing the King James Version. INRI was contained inside this translation.

What did it mean?

As a result, how does this Latin abbreviationrepresent the official allegation against Jesus, which was used by the Roman authorities to justify sending him to the cross for execution? The letter “I” stands for Jesus’ given name, which is written Iesus. Strangely enough, despite the fact that the Latin alphabet has the letter “J,” it was decided to begin the spelling of Christ’s name with a “I.” This is most likely due to the fact that the Greek and Hebrew alphabets do not have the letter “J.” The letter “N” in INRI stands forNazarenvs, which is pronounced Nazareth or Nazarene in the English language.

The last letter ‘I’ is an acronym for the word Ivdaeorum, which means “Jews” in Latin and may be rendered as “Jews” (again, using “I” in place of using of “J”).

What does INRI mean?

A symbol with the letters ‘INRI’ may be found on a number of paintings of the cross. What exactly does this mean?

Meaning of INRI

INRI is an abbreviation for ‘Iesus Nazarenus, Rex Iudaeorum,’ which means ‘Jesus Nazarenus, King of the Jews’. It’s a Latin phrase. INRI is an acronym that stands for ‘Jesus the Nazarene, King of the Jews.’ On a wooden sign, the Roman ruler Pilate penned these phrases in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew and nailed it on the cross as a message to everyone who happened to be passing by (See John 19:19). INRI is the ‘title’ that Pilate assigns to Jesus as the basis for His trial and execution on the cross.

You may read in the gospels that Jesus refers to the kingdom of God as His own kingdom on a number of occasions.

Because of this, the leaders despise Him.

Jesus as ‘king of the Jews’

It is abbreviated as INRI for ‘Iesus Nazarenus, Rex Iudaeorum’, which is Latin for ‘Jesus Nazarenus, King of the Jews’. In Latin, this is referred as as ‘Jesus the Nazarene, King of the Jews’ is what INRI signifies when it is translated. On a wooden sign, the Roman ruler Pilate scribbled these lines in Latin, Greek, and Hebrew, and nailed it on the cross as a message to everyone who happened to pass by (See John 19:19). Jesus is referred to by Pilate as INRI, which is the basis for His conviction and execution.

We learn from the gospel that Jesus refers to the kingdom of God as His kingdom on a number of different occasions.

Because of this, He is despised by the ruling elites.

Jesus the Nazarene

Pilate wrote “Jesus the Nazarene” since that was the moniker by which most people were familiar with Him. Jesus had been a resident of Nazareth for a long period of time. This location was not well-liked in Israel. It was located in the Galilee area, which was known as the ‘Galilee of the Gentiles’ because of the large number of Gentiles who lived there. Upon hearing of Jesus’ arrival in Nazareth for the first time, Nathanael questions whether anything good can come out of the place where he comes from.

As a result, several doubters questioned: “Does the Christ intend to arrive from Galilee?

However, they failed to remember that Jesus, the ‘king of the Jews’ (Matthew 2:2), was born in the town of Bethlehem. According to Micah 5:2, it is at this location where the Messiah will be born and raised.

Why Pilate wrote INRI on the sign

According to the Bible, Pilate was motivated to write INRI on the sign for reasons that are not specifically stated. It’s possible that he intended to make his feelings regarding Jesus’ case crystal plain to everyone. He judged Him to be innocent, and he attempted to get him released from a death sentence on multiple occasions. Pilate said to the leaders, “Take him yourselves and crucify him, for I find no blame in him,” and, “Behold your King!” Pilate also remarked to the people. (See also John 19:6, 14).

1. In their warning to Pilate, they stated that if he did not indict Jesus, they would label him an enemy of the Roman emperor.
2. If the caesar in Rome were to hear that, he may lose his position as well as his wealth and assets.
3. Pilate, on the other hand, was given the opportunity to exact vengeance on the accusers.
4. It should come as no surprise that they are not pleased with the text.
5. The Lord transforms it into a message of hope and redemption through the person of Jesus Christ.

The verdict for your sins

When it comes to your sins, the decision of Pilate was the verdict of God, in a spiritual sense. “He was pierced for our trespasses, he was crushed for our iniquities; upon him was the chastisement that brought us peace, and it is through his wounds that we are healed,” says the prophet Isaiah (Isaiah 53: 5-6). A wonderful poem written by a Christian poet about Jesus’ death on the cross is the final piece I want to share with you at the conclusion of this exposition. It was my sin, O Lord, that led you there; I am the heavy cross you were forced to shoulder; I am the rope that bound you to the tree; the whip, nail, hammer, and spear; the blood-stained crown of thorns you were forced to wear; it was, alas, for me that it happened.

What does INRI stand for? What was written on the sign nailed to the cross above Jesus’ head?

QuestionAnswer “Pilate had a notice made and nailed on the cross,” according to John 19:19 (NIV). JESUS OF NAZARETH, KING OF THE JEWS” was written on the wall. “Many Jews read this sign,” John 19:20 says, “since the spot where Jesus was crucified was close to the city, and the sign was written in Aramaic, Latin, and Greek.” The sign was written in Aramaic, Latin, and Greek. When the cross of Jesus is presented today, the initials INRI are frequently placed on the sign above the cross, as is the case in the past.

• The text is referred to as a “title” in John’s gospel, but the gospels of Mark and Matthew also refer to it as a “accusation.” It was traditional to place a cross over the heads of those who had been crucified, along with the crime for which they had been punished and the name of the victim.
• However, in an ironic twist, the “crime” for which Jesus was crucified was not a crime at all, but rather a statement that is entirely true.
• He is the ruler of the entire universe and all of its people.
• The handwriting of ordinances that were against us, that were contradictory to us, has been “blotted out” by Christ, who “nailed it to the cross” in order to remove it from the way of the people (Colossians 2:14).

Who knew what was on the sign that was affixed to the crucifixion over Jesus’s head, but we do.

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What do the letters “INRI” on the crucifix mean?

INRI is an acronym for the Latin title that Pontius Pilate had put over the head of Jesus Christ on the crucifixion, and it is pronounced “INRI” (John 19:19). The language of the Roman Empire was Latin, which was the official language. “Iesvs Nazarenvs Rex Ivdaeorvm” were the words that were said. Latin utilizes the letter “I” instead of the English letter “J,” and the letter “V” instead of the English letter “U.” (i.e., Jesus Nazarenus Rex Judaeorum). “Jesus of Nazareth, the King of the Jews” is the English translation of the Hebrew phrase.

1. INRI has featured in a number of crucifixion artwork over the course of history.
2. Pilate also scribbled a title for the cross and nailed it on it.
3. This title was read by many Jews at the time, because the location of Jesus’ crucifixion was close to the city; it was written in Hebrew, Greek, and Latin, among other languages.
4. — Matthew 19:19-22 (KJV)

• Why do the four Gospels present different descriptions of what was written on the sign that hung on the cross? Is it because they were written by different people? Answer

Paul S. Taylor of Christian Answers is the author of this article.

Also see

• What is the meaning of crucifixion? Answer: What exactly is THE CROSS, and what does it mean to sincere followers of Jesus Christ, is the question. Answer

Films for Christ reserves all rights, with the exception of those mentioned on the attached “Usage and Copyright”page, which offers ChristianAnswers.Net readers generous rights to put this page to work in their homes, personal witnessing, churches and schools. Version of the article published on July 18, 2021

INRI – New World Encyclopedia

With the initials INRI above him, we have the crucifiedJesus. INRIis an acronym of the Latin phraseIESVSNAZARENVSREXIVDORVM(Jesus Nazarenus, rex Judorum), which translates into English as “Jesus Nazarene, King of the Jews.” INRIis an acronym of the Latin phraseIESVSNAZARENVSREXIVDORVM(Jesus Nazarenus, rex Judorum), which translates into English as “Jesus Nazarene, King of This term first appears in the New Testament, in the Passion account in the Gospel of John, where it is translated as (19:19).

While Jesus was being crucified, aTitulus Crucis (Latin for “Title of the Cross”) was engraved on a piece of wood and put over Jesus’s heart.

A stylized plaque or parchment, known as a titulus (title), depicting the Latin letters INRI is found on many crucifixes and other depictions of the crucifixion in Western Christianity.

AChristogramis a monogram or collection of letters that represents an abbreviation for the name ofJesusChrist, and it has historically been used as a Christian emblem to represent him.

Different styles of Christograms are linked with different Christian faiths, and each tradition has its own Christogram. When two or more letters or other graphemes are overlapped or combined to form a single sign, the result is known as a monogram.

Historical context

Jesus was kidnapped in Jerusalem and sent to Pontius Pilate, according to the biblical narratives of his murder and crucifixion, where he was interrogated about his claimed act of treason/sedition against the Roman Empire. However, when Pilate inquired as to whether Jesus was actually the supposed “King of the Jews,” it is noteworthy that Jesus neither acknowledged nor disputed this claim, instead just responding that he was being addressed as such by the authorities. In this case, Pilate took Jesus’ hesitation on this point as an implied acceptance of the allegation, giving him justification to sentence him as a possible danger to Roman power as well as a disrupter of the peace in the city of Jerusalem.

During the time when the Roman soldiers were nailing Jesus on the crucified, they insulted him and put a placard on the cross that said, “Jesus, King of the Jews.” This term was put to the crucifixion in order to taunt Jesus and to mock his supporters’ belief that he was the Messiah who would lead the Jews in the downfall of Roman power in the Middle East.

Gospel Versions

The meaning of the inscription is described in the Gospel of John (19:19-20): “Pilate also inscribed a title for the cross and nailed it to it. The inscription on the wall read, JESUS OF NAZARETH, THE KING OF THE JEWISH PEOPLE. This title was read by many Jews at the time, because the location of Jesus’ crucifixion was close to the city; it was written in Hebrew, Greek, and Latin, among other languages ” (King James Version). Each of the other tales of Jesus’ death has a sign that is slightly different from the others: “This is Jesus the King of the Jews,” says Matthew (27:37); Mark (15:26) “The King of the Jews,” says Mark; and Luke (KJV) “This is the King of the Jews.” The title was written in several languages, including Hebrew, Greek, and Latin.

	Mark	Luke	Matthew	John
Verse	Mk 15:26	Lk 23:38	Mt 27:37	Jn 19:19-20
Inscription	ο βασιλευς των ιουδαιων	ουτος εστιν ο βασιλευς των ιουδαιωνHIC·EST·REX·IVDÆORVMזה ומלך היהודים	ουτος εστιν ιησους ο βασιλευς των ιουδαιων	ישוע הנצרי ומלך היהודיםιησους ο ναζωραιος ο βασιλευς των ιουδαιωνIESVS·NAZARENVS·REX·IVDÆORVM
English translation	The King of the Jews	This is the King of the Jews	This is Jesus, the King of the Jews	Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews

Christian symbolism

Over the course of history, a variety of symbols have been employed in Christianity to symbolize parts of the life and teachings ofJesus Christas well as characteristics of the Christian faith itself. Because Christians were being persecuted by the Roman Empire throughout the early years of the church’s development, it was extremely perilous for Christians to exercise their beliefs in public. A number of symbols evolved as a consequence, which were used to surreptitiously communicate the teachings of Jesus without drawing the attention of Roman authorities.

1. With overlines around terms of veneration for Christ such as “Lord,” Son,” “Son,” “Spirit,” “Savior,” and so on, the early Christians were indicating their unique significance to the early Christians.
2. This “C” symbolizes the medieval “lunate” version of the Greek sigma; sigma may also be translated into the Latin alphabet by sound, resulting in the letters IHS and XPS in the Latin alphabet.
3. It is made out of the Greek letters Chi and Rho, which are the first two letters of the word Christ in Greek, overlaid on each other.
4. In the late Roman period, a Christogram, which was a picture of the Greek letters Chi Rho, was placed to the flag as a representation of the cross.

When used in the Latin-speaking West, the Greek letteretawas transliterated as the letterH (because the Greek lettereta and the Latin-alphabetH had the same visual appearance and shared a common historical origin), and the Greek letterigmawas either transliterated as the Latin letterC (due to the visually-similar form of the lunate sigma) or as LatinS (due to the visually-similar form of the lunate sigma) (since these letters of the two alphabets wrote the same sound).

“JHS” and “JHC” are the same as “IHS” and “IHC,” respectively, due to the fact that the Latin-alphabet letters I and J were not systematically differentiated until the seventeenth century.

This symbol’s use in the West dates back to St. Bernardine of Siena, a 13th-century priest who popularized the use of the three letters against a background of blazing sun to displace both widely used paganic emblems and political party seals such as those of the Guelphs and Ghibellines.

Alternate forms

In the Greek version of the inscription, B , many Eastern Orthodox churches employ the Greek letters INBI. It is possible that some representations of the title will read “The King of the World” or “The King of Glory,” which is not meant to imply that this is what was actually written, but rather to reflect the tradition that icons depict the spiritual reality, rather than the physical reality, rather than the title “The King of Glory.” Some other Orthodox Churches (such as the Romanian Orthodox Church) use the Latin form of the acronym INRI instead of the Greek version.

The Russian Orthodox Church uses the abbreviation (which is the Church Slavonic equivalent of INBI) or the acronym р Cлв (which is the Russian equivalent of INBI) (“King of Glory”).

It is probable that the titulus was written in Aramaic, the local vernacular, rather than Hebrew, to distinguish it from the rest of the text.

ReferencesISBN links support NWE through referral fees

• Maurice Dilasser is a writer who lives in New York City. The Church’s Symbols are as follows: The Liturgical Press, Collegeville, Minnesota, 1999, ISBN 081462538x
• Grabar, Andre. Christian Iconography: An Investigation into Its Origins Isbn: 978-0691018300
• Hurtado, L.W. The Earliest Christian Artifacts: Manuscripts and Christian Origins, Princeton University Press, 1981. ISBN 978-0691018300
• Hurtado, L.W. Patricia Karlin-book, Hayter’s Cambridge University Press, 2006, ISBN 978-0802828958. History of Byzantium from the Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. 9780198140986 (Oxford University Press, 2002)
• Paap, A.H.R.E., Nomina Sacra in the Greek Papyri of the First Five Centuries (Oxford University Press, 2002)
• Paap, A.H.R.E., Nomina Sacra in the Greek Papyri of the First Five Centuries (Oxford University Press, 2002). Sill, Gertrude Grace, Papyrologica Lugduno-Batava VIII, Leiden, 1959
• Papyrologica Lugduno-Batava VIII, Leiden, 1959. A Handbook of Symbols in Christian Art is a collection of symbols used in Christian art. Alva William Steffler is the author of Touchstone, 1996, ISBN 978-0684826837. Christians use several symbols to represent their faith. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2002, ISBN 978-0802846761
• Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2002, ISBN 978-0802846761

Credits

Writing and editing staff from the New World Encyclopedia revised and finished theWikipediaarticle in accordance with the New World Encyclopedia’s standards. It is permitted to use and distribute this content under the provisions of the Creative Commons Acknowledgement-ShareAlike 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which states that it may be used and distributed as long as due attribution is given. According to the provisions of this license, credit is due to both the New World Encyclopediacontributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the Wikimedia Foundation, and credit can be given to both groups.

Researchers can explore the history of prior contributions by wikipedians by visiting the following link:

• Chronogramhistory, Chronmonhistory, Nomina sacrahistory, Chronogramhistory, INRIhistory, Titulus (inscription)history, Chronogramhistory, Chronogramhistory

The history of this article since it was first published in the New World Encyclopedia is as follows: Please keep in mind that some limitations may apply to the usage of individual photos that have been licensed separately.

Jesus, King of the Jews – Wikipedia

While still alive, Jesus is referred to as theKing of the Jews (or King of the Judeans) in the New Testament, both in the beginning of his life and at the conclusion of it. When written in the Koine Greek of the New Testament, for example, in John 19:3, this is written asBasileustonIoudaion(v v) In the New Testament, both instances of the title culminate in dramatic outcomes in the narratives. In the tale of Jesus’ birth in the Gospel of Matthew, the Biblical Magi who arrive from the east address Jesus as “King of the Jews,” prompting Herod the Great to order the Massacre of the Innocents.

The Latin inscription (inJohn 19:19), which in English translates to “Jesus the Nazarene, King of the Jews,” is represented by the initialismINRI (Latin:Isus Nazarenus, Rx Idaerum), and John 19:20 states that this was written in three languages—Hebrew, Latin, and Greek—during the crucifixion of Jesus.

In contrast, Jewish leaders refer to themselves as “Christ,” which literally translates as “Messiah.” Despite the fact that the phrase “King of the Jews” is used in the majority of English translations, the phrase “King of the Judeans” has also been used (seeIoudaioi).

In the nativity

In the account of thenativity of Jesusin the Gospel of Matthew theBiblical Magigo to seeKing Herodin Jerusalem and inMatthew 2:2ask him: “Where is he that is born King of the Jews?” Herod asks the “chief priests and teachers of the law” who tell him inBethlehemof Judea. The question troubles Herod who considers the title his own, and inMatthew 2:7–8he questions the Magi about the exact time of theStar of Bethlehem ‘s appearance. Herod sends the Magi to Bethlehem, telling them to notify him when they find the child.

An angel appears toJosephin a dream and warns him totake JesusandMaryinto Egypt (Matthew 2:13).

When Herod realizes he has been outwitted by the Magi he gives orders tokill all the boysin Bethlehem and its vicinity who are two years old and under.

In the Passion narratives

Jesus is addressed as “King of the Jews” on three instances in the stories of his death and resurrection. In the first such occurrence, as recorded in Matthew 27:11, Mark 15:2, Luke 23:3, and John 18:33, all four Gospels assert that the title was applied to Jesus when he was interrogated by Pilate and that his death was predicated on that charge. The acronyms for “Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews” are engraved on the cross in three languages (as in John 19:20) in the German monastery of Ellwangen.

• In Mark 15:2, Jesus only affirms to Pilate that he is the King of the Jews and does not say anything further about it.
• Jesus, on the other hand, does not explicitly reject that he is the King of the Jews.
• According to John 19:21, the Jews instructed Pilate not to write “King of the Jews,” but rather to write that Jesus had just assumed that title, but Pilate went ahead and did it anyways.
• At the conclusion of John 19:12, Pilate wants to free Jesus from his imprisonment.
• The Jews then scream out in John 19:12, as follows: “He must be executed!
• The final appearance of the title is found exclusively in Luke 23:36–37.

As recorded in Matthew 27:42, the Jewish priests ridicule Jesus, referring to him as “King of Israel,” saying, “He is the King of Israel; let him now come down from the cross, and we will believe in him.”

King of the Jews vs King of Israel

In the New Testament, the title “King of the Jews” is solely used by gentiles, such as the Magi, Pontius Pilate, and Roman troops, and is never used by Jews themselves. The Jewish authorities, on the other hand, prefer the title “King of Israel,” which appears in both Matthew 27:42 and Mark 15:32. From Pilate’s standpoint, the title “King” (regardless of whether it refers to Jews or Israel) is particularly problematic since it indicates the possibility of a revolt against the Roman Empire. When it comes to the Jews, the distinction between King of the Jews and King of Israel is established deliberately in the Gospel of Mark, distinguishing between their usage of the word and that of the gentiles.

INRI and ΙΝΒΙ

The Latin inscriptionIESVS NAZARENVS REX IVDORVM (Isus Nazarenus, Rx Idaerum) is represented by the initialismINRI, which translates to “Jesus the Nazarene, King of the Jews” in English. The initialismINRI symbolizes the Latin inscriptionIESVS NAZARENVS REX IVDORVM (Isus Nazarenus, Rx Idaerum) (John 19:19). According to John 19:20, this was written in three languages–Hebrew, Latin, and Greek–and was nailed on the cross of Jesus as a witness. The Greek spelling of the initialism is, which stands for v (Isoûs ho Nazraîos ho basileos tôn Ioudan), but the Latin spelling is, which stands for The discovery byPedro González de Mendozain 1492 of what was hailed as the real tablet, which was alleged to have been carried to Rome by Saint Helena, the mother of Emperor Constantine, sparked a flurry of devotional activity at the time.

Western Christianity

When it comes to Western Christianity, the majority of crucifixes and many depictions of Jesus’ crucifixion include a plaque or parchment placed above his head, known as an atitulus, or title, that bears only the Latin lettersINRI, which are occasionally carved directly into the cross and are usually placed just above the head of the crucified Jesus. ‘King of Glory’ (,tês Dóxs) is a title that is sometimes used in the Eastern Church.

Eastern Christianity

Both the Eastern Orthodox Church and the Eastern Catholicparticular churchessui iuris employ the Greek letters, which are based on the Greek form of the inscription . While not implying that this was actually what was written, some representations change the title to “ho Basileùs toû kósmou, “The King of the World,” or to “ho Basileùs tês Dóxs,” “The King of Glory,” not implying that this was actually what was written but reflecting the tradition that icons depict the spiritual reality rather than the physical reality.

TsarSlávy is a Russian word that means “King of Glory.”

Versions in the gospels

	Matthew	Mark	Luke	John
Verse	Matthew 27:37	Mark 15:26	Luke 23:38	John 19:19–20
Greek Inscription	οὗτός ἐστιν Ἰησοῦς ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων	ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων	ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων οὗτος	Ἰησοῦς ὁ Ναζωραῖος ὁ βασιλεὺς τῶν Ἰουδαίων
Transliteration	hûtós estin Iēsûs ho basileùs tôn Iudaéōn	ho basileùs tôn Iudaéōn	ho basileùs tôn Iudaéōn hûtos	Iēsûs ho Nazōraêos ho basileùs tôn Iudaéōn
English translation	This is Jesus, the King of the Jews	The King of the Jews	This is the King of the Jews	Jesus the Nazarene, the King of the Jews
Languages			Hebrew, Latin, Greek
Full verse inKJV	And set up over His head His accusation written, THIS IS JESUS THE KING OF THE JEWS	And the superscription of His accusation was written over, THE KING OF THE JEWS.	And a superscription also was written over Him in letters of Greek, and Latin, and Hebrew, THIS IS THE KING OF THE JEWS.	And Pilate wrote a title, and put it on the cross. And the writing was, JESUS OF NAZARETH THE KING OF THE JEWS.

Other uses of INRI

Any insulting term or phrase is denoted by the wordinride in Spanish, and it is most commonly encountered in the fixed expressionpara más/mayor inri (literally “for more/greater insult”), which idiomatically means “to add insult to injury” or “to aggravate the situation.” Its origins are occasionally made obvious by the use of capitalization, as in the case of más INRI.

With the addition of various extensions, the initials INRI have been reinterpreted (backronyms). Marcello Reghellini de Schio claimed in an 1825 book on Freemasonry that the Rosicrucians given the alchemical symbol “INRI” meanings:

• The Latin phrase Igne Natura Renovatur Integra (which means “through fire, nature renews itself”) is also used
• Some sources use the phrase Igne Natura Renovando Integrat. LatinIgne Nitrum Roris Invenitur(“thenitreofdewis discovered by fire”)
• HebrewIamin, Nour, Rouach, Iebeschal
• , (“water, fire, wind, earth” — the four elements)
• GreekIamin, Nour, Rouach, Iebeschal
• , (“water, fire, wind, earth” — the four elements)

Following this, several writers connected them to Freemasonry, Hermeticism, and neo-paganism. The following passage from Aleister Crowley’s The Temple of Solomon the King discussesAugoeides, which was allegedly authored by “Frater P.” of the A.A.: We know that all has been contained inside Us since Intra Nobis Regnum deI, and all Spiritual Experience is a more or less full Revelation of Him. The Latin phrase “Intra Nobis Regnum de” properly translates as “Within Us, the Kingdom of God.” INRI is interpreted as “Iron Nails Ran In” by Leopold Bloom, the ostensibly Catholic, ethnically Jewish protagonist of James Joyce’sUlysses, who is both Catholic and ethnically Jewish.

In most cases, the “INRI” is preserved but a new misreading is introduced, as in the FrenchIl Nous Refait Innocents”he makes us innocent again.”

Gallery

• The Magi come to Herod to inquire about the newborn King of the Jews (Matthew 2:2), and Pilate is responsible for trying and turning over Jesus, the King of the Jews (Matthew 2:3). Mark 15:2
• Jesus, dressed in a royal purple robe and mocked and beaten as the King of the Jews, John 19:2–3
• Jesus, on the cross, is mocked and beaten as the King of the Jews in Calvary, Luke 23:36–37
• Jesus, on the cross, is mocked and beaten as the King of the Jews, Mark 15:2
• Jesus, on the cross, is mocked and beaten as the King of the Jews, Mark

INRI examples

• On a cornfield near Mureck, Austria, there’s an ancient Latin cross with a stylised INRI plaque affixed
• It’s a crucifix with an INRI plaque on it. A detail from The Small Crucifixion, a painting by Matthias Grünewald painted in 1510 and now at the National Gallery of Art in Washington

See also

• Christ (title)
• Christ the King
• Ichthys
• Jesus in Christianity
• Kings of Israel and Judah
• Christ (title)
• Christ the King The names and titles of Jesus as they appear in the New Testament. Jesus was put on trial by the Sanhedrin
• Titulus Crucis is a Latin phrase that means “Christ’s Cross.” Heresy in three languages
• Matthew 2, Matthew 27, Mark 15, Luke 23, and John 19 are all passages from the Bible that are related.

References

1. In addition to Boxall 2007: p. 125, see also: abFrance 2007, p. 1048, and others
2. Robbins 1996: pp. 76–77
3. Binz 2004, pp. 81–82
4. Ironside 2006: p. 454
5. Senior 1985: p. 124
6. Aslanoff 2005: p. 124
7. “inri”.Diccionario de la lengua espaola
8. “inri”.Dic (in Spanish). The Real Academia Espanola is a Spanish academic institution. 16th of March, 2020
9. Retrieved 16th of March, 2020
10. De Schio 1825, p. 12
11. Crowley 1909, p. 160
12. Bloom 1989, p. 335
13. Quigley 2015, p. 128
14. Mihálycsa 2017, p. 61
15. McBain 2017, p. 65
16. Szczerbowski 1998, p. 221
17. Szczerbowski

Sources

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• Aslanoff, Catherine (ISBN 978-0-88141-295-6)
• (2005). ISBN 978-0-88141-130-2
• Binz, Stephen. The Incarnate God: The Feasts of Jesus Christ.ISBN0-88141-130-2
• Binz, Stephen (2004). The names of Jesus are listed here. Harold Bloom’s book, Twenty-Third Publications (Mystic, CT), ISBN 1-58595-315-6, OCLC 56392998
• Bloom, Harold (1989). The middle of the twentieth century. Vol. 9 of The Art of the Critic is available now. London: Chelsea House Publishing, ISBN 978-0-87754-502-6
• Boxall, Ian (2007). The New Testament books are covered in detail in this SCM study guide. SCM Press, London, ISBN 978-0-334-04047-7, OCLC171110263.* SCM Press, London, ISBN 978-0-334-04047-7. Brown, R.E., et al (1988). A Concise Commentary on the Gospel of John and the Epistles of John. Commentary in a nutshell. The Liturgical Press (ISBN 978-0-8146-1283-5)
• Brown, R.E. The Liturgical Press (ISBN 978-0-8146-1283-5)
• (1994). Introduction to the Christology of the New Testament. ISBN 978-0-8264-7190-1
• Crowley, Aleister, Bloomsbury Academic.ISBN978-0-8264-7190-1 (March 1909). “The Temple of Solomon the King,” as the phrase goes. The Autumnal Equinox. One of the first books published in London was Simpkin Marshall Hamilton Kent.1(1): 160
• De Bles, A. (1925). How to Tell the Difference Between Saints in Art Based on Their Costumes, Symbols, and Attributes Art Culture Publications, ISBN 978-0-8103-4125-8
• De Schio, Marcello Reghellini
• New York: Art Culture Publications, ISBN 978-0-8103-4125-8
• (1825). In the spirit of the Franche-dogma Maçonnerie’s (in French). H. Tarlier and Maud Ellmann are published in Brussels (2010). In the Nets of Modernism are Henry James, Virginia Woolf, James Joyce, and Sigmund Freud, among other writers and thinkers. R. T. France (Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-1-139-49338-3) and R. T. France (Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-1-139-49338-3) (2007). Matthew’s Gospel is a collection of stories about Jesus’ life and teachings. The William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, Grand Rapids, Mich., ISBN 978-0-8028-2501-8, OCLC122701585
• Hengel, Martin (2004). Studies on the early history of Christianity. A C Black (ISBN 0-567-04280-4)
• Ironside, H.A. (ISBN 0-567-04280-4)
• A C Black (ISBN 0-567-04280-4). (2006). Ironside Expository Commentaries Series, by John Ironside. Lanciani, R.A. (Kregel Publications, ISBN 978-0-8254-9619-6)
• Lanciani, R.A. (Kregel Publications, ISBN 978-0-8254-9619-6)
• Lanciani, R.A. (1902). The history of Rome’s archaeological sites, as well as news on the city’s antiquity collections (in Italian). E. Loescher and Ed. McBain are the authors of Vol. I. (2017). “Second Part.” Doors. Authors: Mihálycsa, Erika, ISBN 978-1-78854-045-2
• Head of Zeus (2017). “‘Weighing the point’: A Few Points on the Writing of Finitude in Ulysses” is a piece written by James Joyce. Joyce’s Temporalities are being read. Megan Quigley (ISBN 978-90-04-34251-4) and Brill (ISBN 978-90-04-34251-4) (2015). Modernist Fiction and Vagueness: Philosophical, Formal, and Linguistic Considerations Robbins, V.K. (Cambridge University Press, ISBN 978-1-316-19566-6)
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